Anoflew b



(No Model.)- 3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

W. OLINE. VENTILATED GAR.

ANDREW B GRAHAM.PHOTO-LITHO.WA$HINGTDN.D C

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' W. CLINE.

VENTILATED CAR. 7

No. 555,928. Patented Mar. 10, 1896.

AN DREW BARMGAM. PHOTIOZUTHQWASNINGTON. DC.

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

W. (J'LINE. VENTILATED GAR.

AN DREW BVGRAHAMJHOTOMTHQWASNI N 010". D C

NlTED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM OLINE, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO DANIEL D. GOODAND SAMUEL B. BITZER, OF SAME PLACE.

VENTILATED CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 555,928, dated March10, 1896.

Application filed March '7, 1895. Serial No. 540,820. (No model.)

To ail whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM CLINE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain Iniprovements in Car Ventilation, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the ventilation ofrailway-cars, and is particularly applicable to cars adapted to thetransportation of horses and other classes of more valuable" stock; andthe object of my improvements is to afford proper ventilation to a carat all times, and, at the same time, to protect the stock against unduedraft and inclemency of the weather.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of thevarious parts, as hereinafter fully described, and then pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this invention, Figure 1is a side elevation of a car embodying my invention, the slats on oneside of the car being shown in an open and those on the other side in aclosed position. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the broken line 2 2of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa vertical section on broken line 3 3 of Fig. 2, andFig. 4 a longitudinal vertical section 011 broken line 4 4 of Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical section of the ventilator onthe top of the car, and Fig. 6 a similar transverse section on brokenline 6 6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an enlarged outside elevation of one ofthe ventilating-fines, parts being cut away to show its connection withthe car. Fig. 8 is a similar horizontal section on broken line 8 8 ofFig. 5; Fig. 9, an inner end View of one of the ventilating-fines, andFig. 10 a top view of the transverse bar through which the valves areopened.

Similar letters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

The sides of the car are open between the end posts and the door-posts,as shown.

Referring to the details of the drawings, A indicates the body of thecar; A, the side doors; B,the end posts of the frame and those adjacentto the side doors, which posts extend outward beyond the intermediateposts B B as seen at b, Fig. 2, and D the cap pieces or plates restingon posts B B.

D D are stringers connecting the outwardly-extending portion of posts B,and D slats having in their ends centrally-located pins d, which arepivoted in the opposite faces of stringers D. The length of these slatsmay be of the full height of the car, as seen on the right of Fig. 1, orthey may be divided centrally into two rows and have their inner endspivoted in an intermediate stringer D as shown on the left of Fig. 1.

E E are horizontal adjusting-bars, to one of which all the slats of eachrow thereof are hinged, as at cl, Fig. 3, in any well-known manner.other when closed, so as to form a closed side for the car.

E E are levers pivotally connected with adjustingbars E and adapted toactuate the same.

If preferable, cap pieces or plates D may be of sufficient width to lapthe outwardlyextended portions of posts B and take the places ofstringers D. The posts B are eX- tended out beyond the intermediateposts B B as before explained, to better support stringers D and preventthe contact of slats D with the screens F, to be described.

F F are wire screens, secured to the outside of posts B 011 one side ofthe car and to the inside of posts 3 on the other side thereof. Thescreens secured to posts B extend from the upper to the lower stringers,while those secured to posts 13 extend only from the top stringers to asheeting secured to the lower ends of said posts. The placing of thescrews on the inside of the posts is simply shown as a modification inthe construction; but I prefer attaching the screens on the outside ofthe posts, as is the case with posts B in the drawings.

F indicates vertical floor-openings between the posts, and F F sheetingor partitions secured to the inner faces of said posts. This sheetingdoes not extend quite to the floor of the car, but is so located as toleave openings or slots f between their lower edges and the floor topermit the sweepings of the car to be pushed under them into thefloor-openings F, and

These slats lap and fold upon each and ventilation is then obtainedthrough said floor-openings, through which, by reason of their position,a plentiful supply of fresh air is obtained and rain and snow preventedfrom entering the car,which would not be prevented were said openingsplaced in the sides or ends of the car.

G G are partitions, set away from one side of the car and forming withthe sheeting mangers for hay or other long feet G G are rods locatedbetween the sheeting and the manger-partitions and adjacent to saidpartitions, and having their ends secured in the floor and to the top ofthe car. On one side of the inangenpartitions are eyes or staples g g,through which rods G G pass.

When horses are carried in the car the par titions G G rest upon thefloor of the car; but when the car is loaded with smaller animals ormerchandise said partitions are raised toward the roof of the car andthere supported by pendent hooks g, which engage eyes 9 on the sides ofthe partitions. The openings or slots between the bottom of sheeting Fand the fioor of the car are closed by vertically-movable gates f,sliding in ways formed by rods f (seen in Fig. 3,) which gates aresecured in an elevated position by hooks f engagingeyes f in the sidesof said gates.

The sheeting F F and the partitions G G are of such height as to formthe backs and fronts of the mangers, and have tight unbroken surfaces,so that they may prevent any air-draft from passing through them. Thescreens are placed inside of the vertical slats to prevent hay or othermatter, which might Work over or under the sheeting, from gettingbetween the slats, whereby the same might be prevented from closingtightly, for, in order that the draft through the car may be undercomplete control, it is necessary that the slats can at any time beentirely closed upon each other, as well as opened out to their fullextent.

Side ventilation of the car is obtained by means of the pivoted slats,which, as will readily be seen, can be set in any direction necessary toconform with the movement of the car and the direction of the wind, thescreens preventing the entrance into the car of coal-dust, dirt, 850.,when the slats are open Without obstructing the passage of air. In coldweather, or during severe storms, when it is necessary to keep the slatstightly closed, ventilation is maintained by means of the floor-openingsand a ventilator in the top of the car, the air being prevented fromstriking directly against the animals by sheeting F F When horses arecarried the mangerpartitions and the gates f prevent any draft frombeneath the sheeting from circulating under them or striking againsttheir breasts, which is an important consideration,as horses, because ofthe greater care and shelter given them ordinarily, require moreprotection during transportation than that necessary for other animalscarried by rail. These partitions and gates also prevent the air fromstriking directly under the horses where the slats are open, and thus,while the car is thoroughly ventilated, the draft is prevented fromdrawing directly under and up around them. Forthis reason also the door-openings between the posts are vertical openings, that the currentsof air through them may pass the openings beneath the sheeting and becarried up between said sheeting and the outer wall of the car formed bythe closed slats.

II indicates a clearstory raised above the top of the car, as is usual.

I I are bent ventilator-flues, having the horizontal sections I thereofpassing through and revoluble in openings in side walls II of theclearstory, the sections I of the flues hanging down outside of walls Hand being connected with parts I by curved sections. Flues I I aredisposed in pairs in opposite sides of the clearstory, those of eachpair being connected by rods I having their outer ends rigidly securedat the intersection of radial bars 1', fixed in the ends of sections Iof the flues, and their inner ends supported by hangers I and connectedby swivel-joints 1 adapted to regulate the tension of the rods, asillustrated in Fig. 0.

t" t" are annular flanges formed on flues I outside of the walls of theclearstory and engaging similarly-shaped openings j in plates J, securedto the side of the clearstory, and J J are plates embracing flues I andcovering the joints between flanges t" and plates J.

K K are valves adapted to slide horizontally in ways K over the innerends of flues I to regulate the draft through the same. K K are barsconnecting the valves on each side of the clearstory. The valves K arenormally held in position to close flues I by coiled springs L, housedin tubes L and connected with the adjacent valves by rods Z, whichengage hooks l on the valves. In each valve there is an open-endedhorizontal slot Z The jaws formed by each slot embrace one of the rods Iand engage grooves m in the edges of a tongue M on a stop-plate M, theshoulders m of which limit the movement of the valve under the tensionof spring L. The valve at the end of each series opposite the spring Lis connected with a transverse bar N by a rod 01, and to the center ofbar N is attached a cord P, which passes around a sheave P, mounted on arod P near the end of the clearstory, whence it passes down into the carand is properly secured to hold the valves in an open position.

Being hung as they are, the depending ends of flues I are readilyturnedfrom the weather by the pressure of the wind, so that dust and 555,928iii dirt are prevented from being drawn into them. As will beunderstood, the draft through the flues is regulated by valves K, bymeans of which the tines can be practically closed. By the constructionherein described the ventilation of the car canbe completely regulated,and no matter how inclement the weather the animals in the car can atall times be well supplied with fresh air without exposing them tohurtful drafts or to rain or snow.

The ventilator-fines and the parts connected therewith may be placedalong the side of the car beneath the roof instead of in a clearstory,but I prefer locating those parts as hereinbefore described.

I do not confine myself to the details of construction herein shown anddescribed, as it is obvious that many changes may be made thereinWithout departing from the principle of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combinatiomwith a car having openings in the sides thereof, ofside posts having vertically-disposed floor openings between them, andvertical slats pivoted at their ends in front of the floor-openings andadapted to close the openings in the sides of the car, for the purposespecified.

2. The combinatiomwith a carhavin g openin gs in the sides thereof, ofside posts having floor-openin gs between them, slats pivoted in frontof the floor-openings and adapted to close the openings in the sides ofthe car, and tight partitions located between said flooropenings and thelower portion of the body of the car, for the purpose specified.

3. The combin ation,with a car having openin gs in the sides thereof, ofside posts having fioor-openin gs between them, slats pivoted in frontof the floor-openings and adapted to close the openings in the sides ofthe car, and removable tight partitions located between saidfloor-openings and the lower portion of the body of the car, for thepurpose specified.

4:. The combination,with a car having openings in the sides thereof, ofside posts having floor-openings between them, screens covering theopenings in the sides of the car and located outside of thefloor-openings, pivoted slats adapted to close the openings in the sideof the car and located outside of the screens, and tight partitionsbetween said floor-openings and the lower portions of the bodyof thecar, for the purpose specified.

5. The combination,with a car having openin gs in the sides thereof, ofposts located along said sides and having floor-openings between them,slats pivoted in front of the floor-openings and adapted to close theopenings in the sides of the car, tight partitions secured to the lowerportions of said posts on the inside thereof, the lower edges of saidpartitions being raised above the floor of the car, and

means for closing the openings between said partitions and the floor ofthe car, for the purpose specified.

6. The oombination,with a car having openings in the sides thereof, ofposts located along said sides and having floor-openings between them,slats pivoted in front of the floor-openings and adapted to close theopenings in the sides of the car, partitions secured to the lowerportions of said posts on the inside thereof, the lower edges of saidpartitions being raised above the floor of the car, and tight partitionslocated on the floor of the car inside of said partitions secured to theposts, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination,with a car having openings in the sides thereof, ofposts located along said sides and having floor-openings between them,slats pivoted in front of the floor-openings and adapted to close theopenings in the sides of the car, tight partitions secured to the lowerportions of said posts on the inside thereof, the lower edges of saidpartitions being raised above the floor of the car, and removable tightpartitions located on the floor of the car inside of said partitionssecured to the posts, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. The combination,with a car having openings in the sides thereof, ofside posts having vertically-disposed floor -openings between them,screens covering the openings in the sides of the car and placed outsideof the floor-openings, pivoted slats adapted to close the openings inthe sides of the car and located outside of the screens, and tightpartitions located between said floor-openings and the lower portion ofthe body of the car, the lower edges of said partitions being raisedabove the floor of the car, for the purpose specified.

9. The combination,with a carhaving openings in the sides thereof, ofscreens covering said openings, vertical slats pivoted at their ends infront of said openings, means for opening and closing said slats, and aventilator in the top of the car, whereby an upward draft may beproduced through either one or both sides of the car.

10. The combination, with a car having openings in the sides thereof, ofside posts having vertically-disposed floor-openings between them,vertical slats pivoted at their ends in front of the fiooropenings andadapted to close the openings in the sides of the car, and aventilator-opening in the top of the car, whereby an upward draft may beproduced either through the side or bottom of the car.

11.. The combination, with a car having openings in the sides thereof,of side posts having fioor-openings between them, slats pivoted in frontof the floor-openings and adapted to close the openings in the sides ofthe car, tight partitions secured to the lower portions of said posts onthe inside thereof,

and a ventilator in the top of the car, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

12. The combination, with a car, of revoluble elbow-fines locatedopposite each other in the walls of the car, and a rod connecting theinner ends of each pair of oppositely-located flues, for the purposespecified.

13. The combination, with a car, of revoluble elbow-flues locatedopposite each other in the walls of the car, a bar extending across themouth of each flue, and a rod connecting the inner ends of each pair ofoppositely-located lines and having its ends secured in said bars,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

14. The combination, with a car, of revoluble elbow-flues locatedopposite each other in the walls of the car, each flue having a sectionextending through a wall of the car and a depending section on theoutside of the car, and a rod divided into sections and connecting theinner ends of each pair of oppositelylocated flues, the adjacent ends ofsaid rodsections being connected by swivel-joints adapted to regulatethe tension of the rods, substantially as specified.

15. The combination, with a car, of a flue extending through a wall ofthe car, a valve adapted to slide over the mouth of the flue, a springconnected with one end of .the valve, and means for overcoming thetension of the spring, for the purpose. specified.

16. The combination, with a car, of fiues located opposite each other inthe walls of the car, a rod connecting the inner ends of each pair offlues, a valve adapted to slide over the mouth of each flue and having aslot therein engaged by the rod, an end of each valve being connectedwith a spring, and means for overcoming the tension of the spring, forthe purpose specified.

17. The combination, with a car, of fiues located opposite each other inthe walls of the slot therein engaged by the rod, a stationary tongueengaging the open end of each slot, an end of each valve being connectedwith a spring, and means for overcoming the tension of the spring, forthe purpose specified.

18. The combination, with a car, of flues located opposite each other inthe wall of the car, a rod connecting the inner ends of each pair offlues, a valve adapted to slide over the mouth of each flue and havingan open-ended slot therein engaged by the rod, a stationary tongueengaging the open end of each slot and having shoulders thereon adaptedto engage the jaws forming said slot, an end of each valve beingconnected with a spring, and means for overcoming the tension of thespring, for the purpose specified.

19. The combination, with a car, of a series of flues located in a sidethereof, each flue having a section extending through the wall of thecar and a depending section 011 the outside of the car, a series ofconnected valves adapted to close said flues, a spring connected withsaid series of valves, and means for overcoming the tension of thespring, for the purpose specified.

20. The combination, with a car, of series of revoluble flues locatedopposite each other in the sides of the car, rods connecting oppositeflues, a series of connected valves located on each side of the car andadapted to close the flues, a spring connected with an end of eachseries of valves, a transverse bar connected with the other ends of saidseries of valves, and means for actuating said bar to overcome thetension of the springs, for the purpose specified.

revoluble flues located on opposite sides of a car, rods connectingopposite flues, a series of connected sliding valves located on oppositesides of the car and adapted to close the flues, each valve having anopen-ended slot engaged by one of said rods, atongue engaging the openend of each of said slots, a spring connected with one end of each ofthe series of valves, and means for overcoming the tension of thesprings, for the purpose specified.

WILLIAM CLINE. itnesses J ACOB HALBACH, WM. R. GERHART.

